An immunomodulatory peptide derived from the thymus gland, approved in several countries for hepatitis B/C and studied for immune enhancement in cancer and infectious diseases.
Two deacetyl-thymosin alpha 1 analogues containing Phe or Phe(4F) at position 21 were synthesized by the manual solid-phase method and their immunological effects on the low E-rosette-forming lymphocytes of uremic patients were studied. Fluorination…
The thymosins are a family of hormone-like products of epithelial cells of the thymus which are important in maintenance and function of the immune system. Thymosin fraction 5, a partially purified extract of calf thymus, can influence pituitary horm…
Thymic cells from immature female rats were isolated and used for production of thymic cell culture conditioned medium (TCM). Granulosa cells were obtained from immature diethylstilbestrol (DES)-treated rats. TCM stimulated basal progesterone and est…
Dilute hydrogen bromide in trifluoroacetic acid containing pentamethylbenzene and thioanisole was used in the cleavage and deprotection of peptides on MBHA-resin. Particular attention was paid to potential applicability of the method to kilogram scal…
Thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1) is a well-characterized immunopotentiating polypeptide originally isolated from calf thymus. We have recently shown in vivo, probable hypothalamic effects of T alpha 1 to decrease the release of the pituitary hormones, TS…
A sensitive and specific microELISA assay is described for the immunoactive polypeptide parathymosin. Antibodies against a synthetic peptide corresponding to the rat parathymosin sequence 5-30 were raised in rabbits immunised with this peptide conjug…
Thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1) is a biologically active peptide, originally isolated from the thymus and currently undergoing clinical trials as an immunomodulator in cancer patients, in individuals with chronic active hepatitis, and as an immunoenhanc…
The thymus produces several putative thymic hormones: thymosin alpha 1, thymulin, and thymopoietin, which have been reported to circulate and to act on both prothymocytes and mature T cells in the periphery, thus maintaining their commitment to the T…
Thymus endocrinology is characterized by the action of various hormones on the thymus endocrine milieu consisting of thymocytes, thymic epithelial cells and thymic stromal cells. Extrathymic hormonal influences include pituitary-derived hormones, suc…
In this study we have investigated the effects of thymosin alpha 1 (T alpha 1) and interleukin-2 (IL-2), singly or in combination with cyclophosphamide (CY), on tumor growth, survival and cytotoxicity in C57Bl/6NCrlBR mice with Lewis lung carcinoma (…
The effects of synthetic thymosin peptides (T alpha 1 and T beta 4) and their antibodies on the fertilizing capacity of human sperm cells were investigated. T alpha 1, but not the T beta 4, significantly (p < 0.001) increased the human sperm penetrat…
A new class of stimulators of basal activity of a number of calmodulin-dependent enzymes have been previously isolated from bovine hypothalamus. One of these stimulators, denoted as C3, has been purified to homogeneity by reverse phase HPLC and tenta…
Thymic secretory peptides thymosin beta 4 and alpha 1 have possible endocrine roles in both immune and reproductive systems; thus, they should respond to endocrine feedback control mechanisms consistent with gonadal function. In an initial experiment…
Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays were used to measure serum levels of immunoreactive thymosin alpha 1 and thymosin beta 4 in 681 healthy adults (range 18 yr-101 yr). Immunoreactive thymosin alpha 1 was found to occur at a geometric mean of 540 pg/m…
Growth of normal and malignant cells is controlled by the interplay of several hormones and growth factors present in the body. The growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is stimulated in vitro by estradiol which has been shown to induce t…
To develop a model of how stress and other psychosocial constructs may interact to explain recurrences of genital herpes, assessments of major and minor life stress, locus of control, arousal or stimulation seeking, and social support were given to 1…
Chronic hepatitis B is a severe and frequently progressive disease. We assessed the safety and efficacy of thymosin fraction 5 and thymosin-alpha 1 in a prospective, placebo-controlled trial in 12 patients with chronic hepatitis B. All patients had h…
We have investigated the effects of interleukin 2 (IL-2) on cytotoxic activity of spleen lymphocytes, from normal and cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) or B-16 melanoma suppressed mice, after in vitro or in vivo pretreatment with thymosin alpha 1 (TA1). T…
We have investigated the effects of a combination in vivo treatment with thymosin alpha 1 (TA1) and murine alpha/beta interferon (IFN) on natural killer (NK) activity and on tumor growth in B-16 melanoma tumor-bearing mice. The results indicated that…
A study was made of the level of corticosterone in mouse blood plasma after 4-time daily administration of thymopthin (a drug containing 1% of thymosin-alpha 1, synthesized in the All-Union Research Institute of Technology of Blood Substitution and H…