15038 studies
Supplemental oxygen is often used to treat neonates with respiratory disorders. Human and animal studies have demonstrated that neonatal hyperoxia increases oxidative stress and induces damage and collagen deposition in kidney during the perinatal pe…
OBJECTIVES: Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been evaluated for intracellular delivery of molecules and several CPPs have bactericidal activity. Our objectives were to determine the effect of a 12 amino acid CPPs on survival and on the invasive…
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in humans worldwide. There is an urgent need for new and effective drugs to treat tuberculosis and shorten the duration of tuberculosis therapy. 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25 (…
BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium tuberculosis can grow in hostile intracellular environment of macrophages by actively evading macrophage-associated antibacterial activities. The stress response factor contributes this process by releasing inflammatory cyto…
Intestinal inflammation is an inflammatory disease resulting from immune dysregulation in the gut. It can increase the risk of enteric cancer, which is a common malignancy globally. As a new class of anti-inflammatory agents, native peptides have pot…
Bacterial infection commonly complicates inflammatory airway diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The mechanisms of increased infection susceptibility and how use of the commonly prescribed therapy inhaled corticosteroids (I…
The objective of this review is to describe the usage and applicability of proteomics technologies in the study of mastitis in ewes. In ewes, proteomics technologies have been employed for furthering knowledge in mastitis caused by various agents (,,…
BACKGROUND: We report the sequencing, assembly and analysis of the genome of the Komodo dragon (Varanus komodoensis), the largest extant lizard, with a focus on antimicrobial host-defense peptides. The Komodo dragon diet includes carrion, and a compl…
The skin is the largest and the most exposed organ in the body and its defense is regulated at several anatomical levels. Here, we explore how skin layers, including the epidermis, dermis, adipose tissue, and skin appendages, as well as cutaneous mic…
Fowlicidin-1 (Fowl-1), a cathelicidin expressed in chicken intestine, is known to have both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its pharmaceutical development has been ultimately compromised by its high host cytotoxicity. In this…
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to determine the serum levels of NACHT, Leucine-rich repeat (LRR), and Pyrin (PYD) domains-containing Protein 3 (NLRP3) and cathelicidin LL-37, and investigate their prognostic significance in community-acquired pneumonia…
Indolicidin is a member of cathelicidin family which displays broad spectrum antimicrobial activity. Severe toxicity and aggregation propensity associated with indolicidin pose a huge limitation to its probable therapeutic application. We are reporti…
The present study demonstrates that monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) produced in vitro using a GM-CSF and IFN-α differentiation protocol encompass a rare (∼5%) subpopulation of cells showing classical dendritic cell morphology and capable of…
Bacterial colonization of the urogenital tract is limited by innate defenses, including the production of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) resist AMP-killing to cause a range of urinary tract infections (UTIs) incl…
In chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the bronchial epithelium is the first immune barrier that is triggered by cigarette smoke. Although vitamin D (vitD) has proven anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects in alveolar macrophages, litt…
OBJECTIVE: To study the significance of plasma neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and its markers in the diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. METHODS: A total of 160 children with CAP were enrolled as the CAP group, and 50 he…
All metazoans produce antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) that have both broad antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activity. Cathelicidins are AMPs that preferentially kill Gram-negative bacteria, purportedly by assembling into higher-order structures that…
INTRODUCTION: Chagas disease (CD) is an important public health problem in Brazil and worldwide. Aging and obesity are important matters in patients with CD, as is hypovitaminosis D3, which can decrease the quality of life of these patients. Immunomo…
Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) composed of nuclear DNA associated with histones and granule proteins are involved in the extracellular killing of pathogens. Excessive NET formation has been implicated in several noninfectious pathological cond…