14102 studies
The beta-thymosins are a family of small proteins originally isolated from the thymus. Recently, two of the major mammalian isoforms, thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4) and thymosin beta 10 (T beta 10), are identified as significant actin monomer sequesterin…
A fragment (11-19) of thymosin beta 4 was found to stimulate phosphodiesterase activity even in the absence of calcium and calmodulin. Half-maximal enzyme activation occurred with 10 nM peptide, and was further increased by phospholipids such as phos…
The recent elucidation of the three-dimensional structure of gelsolin segment 1 and profilin provides new insights on how these proteins recognize actin. Although the picture is still incomplete and not all biochemical data are consolidated, the resu…
In motile non-muscle cells, G-actin sequestering proteins, capping proteins and profilin regulate actin assembly in response to extracellular signals. The regulation of actin sequestration/assembly is performed via the control of the concentration of…
Thymosin beta 4 is a major actin sequestering peptide in vertebrate cells and plays a role in the regulation of actin monomer/polymer ratio. Thymosin beta 9 and thymosin beta met9 are minor variants of thymosin beta 4. The possible function of these…
Thymosin beta 4, a polypeptide of 5 kDa, is known to have capacity to regulate actin polymerization by binding to an actin monomer. Distribution of Xenopus laevis thymosin beta 4 (XT beta 4) in the developing Xenopus larva was examined by means of in…
Thymosin beta 4 forms a 1:1 complex with actin and thereby prevents polymerization. Rapid formation of filaments from this complex was observed, however, when actin trimers were added. Polymerization can likewise be initiated by the addition of one e…
Thymosin beta 4 (T beta 4), a peptide of 43 amino acids, binds to actin monomers and inhibits filament formation. In preparations of T beta 4 from bovine lung tissue, the peptide is accompanied by a derivative in which the methionine residue in posit…
Thymosin beta 4 is able to form 1:1 complexes with monomeric (G) actin, thereby stabilizing the intracellular pool of unpolymerized actin. We have searched for factors that are able to induce the polymerization of actin from the actin:thymosin beta 4…
Experiment 1 involved genetically lean and obese gilts and barrows injected for 42 d with 0, 2, or 4 mg/d of porcine somatotropin (pST; n = 96). Blood was collected at 0, 6, and 24 h after the initial pST injection and thereafter every 2 wk. Experime…
Chronic infection with HIV-1 has profound effects on host cell growth and function. We used subtractive hybridization cloning to identify genes whose expression is modulated by HIV-1 infection in the T leukemia cell line CEM. The gene encoding thymos…
The mode of interaction of birch and bovine profilins with actin was compared using a number of techniques. Birch profilin was purified from pollen or as a recombinant protein from Escherichia coli, using poly(L-proline) affinity chromatography and a…
A large-scale method for the isolation of thymosin beta 4 (up to 120 mg) and thymosin beta 9 (up to 40 mg) from bovine lung (up to 2 kg) was developed. The isolation protocol included tissue homogenization in 0.4 M HClO4, centrifugation, solid-phase…
Two rabbit polyclonal antisera, one directed against thymosin beta 4 and the other one against the peptide fragment thymosin beta 4 (1-14) were characterised by epitope mapping. Hexapeptides representing the whole sequence of the native peptide and o…
The protection of stomach and duodenum in conjecture with anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated for a novel 15 amino acid peptide, coded BPC 157, a fragment of the recently discovered gastric juice peptide BPC. BPC 157 (i.p./i.g.) was investigate…
The further developed adsorption filter Sepacell PL 5/10 II has been evaluated for the white blood cell (WBC) removal from platelet concentrates (PCs) collected using a blood cell separator Fresenius AS 104 (F) or Haemonetics PCS Plus (H). Filtration…
An epigenetic approach starts out from the direct (rather than the underlying genetic) causes. An epigenetic approach to aging has little chance of succeeding before a minimum amount of knowledge has been accumulated on the "genetic programming" that…
The aim of our study was to elucidate the physiological role of the neuropeptide galanin in the regulation of anterior pituitary function in human subjects. Six healthy men (age range 26-35 yr, body mass index range 20-24 kg/m2) underwent in random o…