15038 studies
PURPOSE: This study determined whether LL-37 (cathelicidin) is expressed by conjunctival and corneal epithelia as part of ocular host defense. The antimicrobial activity of LL-37 was also assessed in vitro against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), Staphyl…
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are important components of the innate host defense system against microbial infections and microbial products. However, the human pathogen Neisseria meningitidis is intrinsically highly resistant to CAMPs, suc…
In addition to its physical barrier against invading microorganisms, the skin produces antimicrobial peptides, human beta-defensins (hBDs) and cathelicidin LL-37, that participate in the innate host defense. Because IL-18 is produced by keratinocytes…
We report the cloning of a novel antimicrobial peptide gene, termed rtCATH_1, found in the rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The predicted 216-residue rtCATH_1 prepropeptide consists of three domains: a 22-residue signal peptide, a 128-residue cath…
Mucosal secretions contain a range of defense effector molecules including antimicrobial peptides and proteinase inhibitors. These molecules play a central role in host defense against infection, and in a variety of immune and inflammatory reactions.…
The oral cavity is a unique environment in which antimicrobial peptides play a key role in maintaining health and may have future therapeutic applications. Present evidence suggests that alpha-defensins, beta-defensins, LL-37, histatin, and other ant…
The cathelicidin peptides comprise one of several families of antimicrobial peptides that are found in neutrophils and epithelia as components of the early host defenses of mammals against infection. All cathelicidin family members are synthesized an…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), in addition to their antibacterial properties, are also chemotactic and signalling molecules that connect the innate and adaptive immune responses. The role of AMP [alpha defensins, LL-37, a cathepsin G-derived peptide…
Defensins and cathelicidins (LL-37) are major antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the innate immune system of the human skin. In normal non-inflamed skin these peptides are negligible, but their expression can be markedly increased in inflammatory skin…
Dental caries is a major worldwide oral disease problem in children. Although caries are known to be influenced by dietary factors, the disease results from a bacterial infection; thus, caries susceptibility may be affected by host factors such as sa…
PMAP-36 is a cathelicidin-derived host defence peptide originally deduced by a transcript from pig bone marrow RNA. The expression of the propeptide in leukocytes, and the structure, antimicrobial activity, and mechanism of action of the mature pepti…
Beside its physical barrier against invading microorganisms, the skin has the ability to produce a number of antimicrobial peptides and proteins, including human beta-defensins, cathelicidin LL-37 and lysozyme that participate in the innate host defe…
The closure of skin wounds is essential for resistance against microbial pathogens, and keratinocyte migration is an important step in skin wound healing. Cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37 is an innate antimicrobial peptide that is expressed in the skin and…
Immune defense at an interface with the external environment reflects the functions of physical and chemical barriers provided by epithelial and immune cells. Resident epithelial cells, such as keratinocytes, produce numerous peptides with direct ant…
Vernix caseosa is a white cream-like substance that covers the skin of the foetus and the newborn baby. Recently, we discovered antimicrobial peptides/proteins such as LL-37 in vernix, suggesting host defence functions of vernix. In a proteomic appro…
Recurrent skin infections in extrinsic atopic dermatitis (EAD) may be because of the suppression of anti-microbial peptide (AMP) expression by interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. Twenty to thirty percent of AD, however, are classified as intrinsic atopic d…
Antimicrobial peptides, which have been isolated from many bacteria, fungi, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, are an important component of the natural defenses of most living organisms. The isolated peptides are very heterogeneous in length, se…
BACKGROUND: Interest in airways inflammatory disease has increasingly focused on innate immunity. We investigated several components of innate immunity in induced sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), COPD, and asthma, and healthy control sub…
Breast-feeding decreases maternal breast cancer risk. Breast-fed infants have fewer infections and inflammatory-allergic diseases. We recently found inducible antimicrobial and immunomodulatory protein human beta3-defensin 2 (HBD-2) in significant am…
Articular joint infection is a surprisingly rare event considering the frequency of joint arthrocentesis and other invasive procedures applied to limb joints. This observation led us to the hypothesis that a local "chemical shield" in the form of ant…