14102 studies
LL-37 is a C-terminal peptide proteolytically released from 18 kDa human cathelicidin protein (hCAP18). Chronic infections, inflammation, tissue injury and tissue regeneration are all linked with neoplastic growth, and involve LL-37 antibacterial and…
Group A Streptococcus (GAS, Streptococcus pyogenes) is a human-restricted pathogen with a capacity to both colonize asymptomatically and cause illnesses ranging from pharyngitis to necrotizing fasciitis. An understanding of how and when GAS switches…
INTRODUCTION: The steroid hormone metabolite of vitamin D3, 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25D3), promotes osteogenic activity and regulates calcium and phosphate metabolism, which are actions regarded as classical vitamin D-regulated functions. Beside…
Livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (LA-MRSA) is an important zoonotic pathogen. An emerging problem in treating S. aureus infections is the increasing resistance against antibiotics. A possible way to overcome this issue…
The human host-defence peptide (HDP) LL-37 not only displays anti-microbial activity but also immune-modulating properties that trigger intracellular signalling events in host cells. Since the cytolytic activity of high LL-37 concentrations affects c…
Human β-defensin3 (hBD3) and the cathelicidin LL-37 are host defense peptides (HDPs) that directly kill microbes and display immunomodulatory/wound-healing properties via the activation of chemokine, formylpeptide and epidermal growth factor receptor…
Both up- and down-regulation of the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) of the sinonasal mucosa have already been associated with the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with (CRSwNP) or without (CRSsNP) nasal polyps. The…
Cathelicidins are pleiotropic antimicrobial peptides largely described for innate antimicrobial defenses and, more recently, immunomodulation. They are shown to modulate a variety of immune or nonimmune host cell responses. However, how cathelicidins…
OBJECTIVE: LL-37 contributes to maintaining the balance between health and disease. Smoking is a risk factor for periodontitis that impairs neutrophil functions. The aim of the present study was to comparatively evaluate gingival crevicular fluid (GC…
CD8(+)/TCR(-) facilitating cells (FCs) in mouse bone marrow (BM) significantly enhance engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Human FC phenotype and mechanism of action remain to be defined. We report, for the first time, the phe…
The human cathelicidin hCAP18/LL-37 has become a paradigm for the pleiotropic roles of peptides in host defence. It has a remarkably wide functional repertoire that includes direct antimicrobial activities against various types of microorganisms, the…
Vitamin D has immunomodulatory properties in the defence against pathogens. Its insufficiency is a widespread feature of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, which are repeatedly suffering from rhinovirus (RV)-induced pulmonary exacerbations.To investigate…
The influence of Escherichia coli rough lipopolysaccharide chemotype on the membrane activity of the mammalian antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) human cathelicidin (LL37) and bovine lactoferricin (LFb) was studied on bilayers using solid state (2)H NMR (…
OBJECTIVES: This study tested the hypothesis that a differential innate immune antimicrobial peptide (AMP) profile was evident between the skin and joints in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) and that PsA synovitis may have a distinct AMP patte…
AIM: Although recent studies indicate that supplementation with vitamin D (VD) potentiates a sustained viral response by interferon-based therapy to chronic hepatitis C, detailed mechanisms are not fully defined. The production of cathelicidin, an an…
The diagnosis of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) has been performed by obtaining a history and physical examination, blood tests, and analysis of the synovial fluid and tissue samples. The measurement of serum biomarkers are routinely used to di…
The objective of this study was to investigate the milk protein profiles of normal milk and those of milk during the course of subclinical mastitis, caused by natural Streptococcus agalactiae infection. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and liquid…
Reports have shown that the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is abundantly expressed but has limited bactericidal effect in Streptococcus pyogenes infections. At sub-inhibitory concentrations, LL-37 has been reported to alter virulence gene expression. He…
Macrolide antibiotics have been shown to act as immunomodulatory molecules in various immune cells. However, their effect on neutrophils has not been extensively investigated. In this study, we investigated the role of macrolide antibiotics in the ge…