15038 studies
OBJECTIVES: hCAP18/LL-37 is an endogenous antibiotic having a role in innate immunity. The aim of the present study was to evaluate serum and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) hCAP18/LL-37 levels in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (G…
Viruses are the major cause of disease and mortality worldwide. Nowadays there are treatments based on antivirals or prophylaxis with vaccines. However, the rising number of reports of viral resistance to current antivirals and the emergence of new t…
OBJECTIVE: We previously found that neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in dermatomyositis (DM) patients. However, it is unclear whether low-density granulocytes (LDGs), endowed with enhanced NET…
BACKGROUND: Multiple studies have noted an association between hepatitis C and psoriasis, but it is not known whether psoriasis is a result of treatment modalities for hepatitis C or a result of hepatitis C alone. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relationsh…
Both maxillary sinusitis (MS) and maxillary retention cyst (MRC) involve the maxillary sinus and show similar clinical features. Clinically, differentiating between MS and MRC is sometimes difficult in asymptomatic patients, despite their quite diffe…
Streptococcus suis is an important meningitis-causing pathogen in pigs and humans. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been identified as host defense mechanism against different pathogens. Here, NETs were detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (…
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The preventive effect of intrarectal administration of mouse cathelicidin (mCRAMP) and oral administration of mCRAMP-encoding Lactococcus lactis (N4I) has been shown in murine experimental colitis. It is pivotal to understand the…
OBJECTIVES: Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of systemic autoimmune disorders characterized by necrotizing inflammation of small- to medium-sized blood vessels. The pathogenesis of patients with…
Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease caused by periodontal bacteria in subgingival plaque. These bacteria are able to colonize the periodontal region by evading the host immune response. Neutrophils, the host's first line of defense against infec…
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this review is to examine the multiple activities of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in vertebrates. CONTENT: The largest AMP families are the cathelicidins and defensins, but several peptides derived from bigger proteins have als…
Aging is a major health issue due to the increased susceptibility of elderly people to infectious, autoimmune, and cardiovascular diseases. Innate immunity is an important mechanism to avoid primary infections; therefore, decreasing of its activity m…
OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a pathogenic factor in sepsis and ICU mortality but causality of these associations has not been demonstrated. To determine whether sepsis and severe sepsis are associated with vitamin D deficie…
Factors affecting vitamin D metabolism may preclude anti-carcinogenic effects of its active metabolite calcitriol. Chronic ethanol consumption is an etiological factor for breast cancer that affects vitamin D metabolism; however, the mechanisms under…
BACKGROUND: The clinical development of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is currently under evaluation to combat the rapid increase in MDR bacterial pathogens. However, many AMPs closely resemble components of the human innate immune system and the rami…
Human cathelicidin, LL-37, is small antimicrobial peptide, which reveals also some immunomodulatory and proangiogenic properties and, therefore, may promote wound healing. The expression of LL-37 is controlled by various factors, including vitamin D.…
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that controls the production of IL-1β, a cytokine that influences the development of both innate and adaptive immune responses. Helminth parasites secrete molecules that interact with innate immu…
Vitamin D inadequacy [total 25(OH)D <50 nmol/L] is widespread in athletes. The biologically active metabolite, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, may be involved in regulating inflammation although in vitro findings have not been consistently replicated in hum…
In this study, we report on the first chemical synthesis of ultra-short pyrazole-arginine based antimicrobial peptidomimetics derived from the newly synthesized N-alkyl/aryl pyrazole amino acids. Through the systematic tuning of hydrophobicity, charg…
BACKGROUND: Palmoplantar pustular psoriasis (PPPP) is a variant of psoriasis, which has significant negative impact on quality of life. The cellular and molecular inflammatory pathways involved in PPPP have not been well studied. OBJECTIVE: Study the…
We previously reported that the early vesicle of the palmoplantar pustulosis (PPP) vesicle originated from eccrine sweat in the acrosyringium and that the PPP vesicle contains the antimicrobial peptide human cathelicidin-18/LL-37. The concentration o…