14102 studies
While cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are extensively studied for antitumor effects, anionic AMPs remain underexplored. Notably, no amphibian-derived anionic cathelicidins with antitumor activity have been reported. This study identifies Boma-…
Bacteriophages are the dominant members of the human enteric virome and can shape bacterial communities in the gut; however, our understanding of how they directly impact health and disease is limited. Previous studies have shown that specific bacter…
Infections after psychological stress are a major health care problem. Single-cell transcriptomics and lipidomic profiling in a mouse model of stress show that dermal fibroblasts undergoing adipogenesis have defective responses toskin infection. Adre…
BACKGROUND: Wound healing is a complex and regulated process that involves the coordinated action of key signaling pathways. Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is a stress-inducible protein that has recently emerged as a critical modulator of c…
The lysosomal cysteine protease cathepsin S supports host defence by promoting the maturation of MHC class-II proteins. In contrast, increased cathepsin S activity mediates tissue destructive immune responses in autoimmune and inflammatory diseases.…
BACKGROUND: The escalating global threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) necessitates the development of novel antimicrobial agents, innovative strategies, and representative infection models to combat AMR bacterial infections. Host defence peptide…
A vicious cycle between microbiota dysbiosis and hyperactivated inflammation, hardly disrupted by conventional therapies, remains a significant clinical challenge for periodontitis treatment. Herein, by cloaking a cascade catalysis system in an engin…
Butyrate-producing Clostridium spp. play fundamental roles in maintaining gut microbiota homeostasis by producing short-chain fatty acids. However, exploration of the strain resources and their probiotic effects remains limited. In previous work, a n…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), such as cathelicidins, show dual functionality by directly combating pathogens and indirectly eliminating them through stimulation of the immune system, generating interest in their therapeutic potential. Pigs have a la…
Marsupial neonates are born with immature immune systems, making them vulnerable to pathogens. While neonates receive maternal protection, they can also independently combat pathogens, although the mechanisms remain unknown. Using the sugar glider ()…
Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease and is usually accompanied by extensive macrophage infiltration. There is growing evidence suggesting that neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) plays a crucial role in inflammatory reactions. Howe…
Tuberculosis is an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and is a growing public health problem worldwide. Within the innate immune response, we highlight the secretion of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37, which is crucial for…
INTRODUCTION: Cathelicidins are a family of antimicrobial peptides well-known for their antimicrobial and immunomodulatory functions in eutherian mammals such as humans. However, cathelicidins in marsupials, the other major lineage of mammals, have r…
Fibroblasts that reside in the gut mucosa are among the key regulators of innate immune cells, but their role in the regulation of the defense functions of macrophages remains unknown. MyD88 is suggested to shape fibroblast responses in the intestina…
Helminths can manipulate their host's gut microbiota, with the expansion of the lactobacilli population being a common feature. This process profoundly influences host immunoregulation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain almost unknown. Using a tis…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play a crucial role in immune defense and wound healing. Their expression and function in pleural fluids following different thoracic surgeries remain underexplored. This study aims to compare AMP and cytokine profiles i…
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by members of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex, remains a critical global health challenge, affecting humans and a wide range of domestic and wild animals. Despite the availability of anti-TB drugs, cure rates remain s…
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a significant clinical condition characterized by an undetermined etiology, with some of its manifestations being attributed to immunological factors. The antibacterial properties of the cathelicidin leucine-leu…
Candidiasis belongs to common fungal infections and is usually mild and self-limiting. However, in patients with immunodeficiencies, it can transform into invasive infections with high mortality. Long-term antifungal treatment can lead to the emergen…
Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, and molecular dynamics simulations were applied to describe interactions between lipopeptides and decavanadate ions ([VO]). The selected lipopeptides are conjugates of the…