15038 studies
INTRODUCTION: Number needed to treat (NNT), an outcome measure derived from the estimated risk results of clinical trials, is widely used to demonstrate value to stakeholders by identifying how many patients require treatment to avoid one event of in…
BACKGROUND: Both GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) receptor agonists and SGLT2 (sodium-glucose cotransporter-2) inhibitors (SGLT2i) improve cardiovascular outcomes in people with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular or chronic kidney disease. However, th…
BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in type 2 diabetes (T2D), although whether benefits extend to both subcutaneous and oral formulations remains unclear.…
OBJECTIVE: Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor (GLP-1R) agonism is foundational to modern obesity pharmacotherapies. These compounds were engineered for maximal G protein alpha(s) (Gsα) signaling potency and downstream cAMP production. However,…
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular and metabolic comorbidities are common in people with HIV (PWH) and are linked to chronic inflammation and immune activation. We assessed the effects of semaglutide on plasma markers of immune activation/inflammation that a…
BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular safety of oral semaglutide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, has been established in persons with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. An assessment of the cardiovascular efficacy of oral semaglutide…
Cardiovascular disease mortality rates, which had steadily declined over decades, are now plateauing or reversing due to the global rise in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. These cardiometabolic conditions contribute significantly to athe…
Internal medicine physicians are frequently responsible for caring for patients with rheumatologic diseases, whether as a primary provider or in collaboration with subspecialists. This article calls attention to 8 studies published in 2024 that shed…
This article highlights some important nephrology studies published in 2024 that may be relevant for nonnephrologist physicians. Four studies examined progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD), cardiovascular events, and nephrolithiasis with respec…
BACKGROUND: Obesity is a global public health challenge. Pharmacological interventions, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (eg, semaglutide) and dual GLP-1/gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor agonists (eg, tirzepatide), hav…
Peptide drugs offer considerable potential for treating a diverse range of diseases. Yet, their clinical application is generally restricted to injectable therapies. The main challenge hindering their broader use through globally accessible, patient-…
OBJECTIVES: High remnant-like lipoprotein (RLP) cholesterolemia has been reported as a risk factor for cardiovascular events in stable angina patients receiving statin therapy. However, there are no established treatments for lowering RLP cholesterol…
BACKGROUND: Peripheral artery disease is a highly morbid type of atherosclerotic vascular disease involving the legs and is estimated to affect over 230 million individuals globally. Few therapies improve functional capacity and health-related qualit…
Patients with obesity-driven heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) often suffer from symptoms despite guideline-recommended treatment with diuretics, sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibition, and mineralocorticoid antagonist…
INTRODUCTION: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that modulates glucose metabolism and insulin secretion. Recent translational and clinical research has evaluated the effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), a class of drug…
Botulinum toxin, as a common facial wrinkle removal product, can be used for facial rejuvenation or improvement of skin texture, which is a commonly used cosmetic injectable product. However, botulinum toxin may lead to decreased immune function, cau…
OBJECTIVE: The use of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists has been associated with gastroparesis, but little is known about the risk of gastroparesis in those with obesity but without type 2 diabetes (T2D), and how that risk compares with other…
AIMS: This study aims to compare adverse drug reaction patterns of liraglutide, semaglutide and tirzepatide-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) approved for anti-obesity medications-to evaluate their real-world safety. MATERIALS AND…