A dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and obesity.
BACKGROUND: Nutritional deficiencies are common among people with obesity, before and during treatment, such as with very-low-calorie diets and metabolic/bariatric surgery. Obesity management medications (OMMs) can reduce appetite and dietary intake,…
INTRODUCTION: Obesity is a global public health issue, with its effects a particular issue in Kuwait. Advances in pharmaceutical treatment (eg, glucagon-like peptide-1s) offer an effective solution, with the magnitude of weight lost something to cele…
AIMS: Tirzepatide, an injectable glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (RA), is approved for weight management in several regions. Oral GLP-1 RAs, such as semaglutide, are under invest…
OBJECTIVE: This study summarizes the evidence on the clinical effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in adults with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). BACKGROUND: IIH is characterized by elevated intracranial pressu…
Lipedema is a chronic, progressive adipose tissue disorder characterized by disproportionate subcutaneous fat accumulation, pain, edema, and resistance to conventional weight-loss strategies. Although traditionally conceptualized as a disease of adip…
BACKGROUND: Metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) is the most effective treatment for severe obesity, producing durable weight loss and improvement in obesity-related comorbidities. However, a subset of patients experience inadequate weight loss (non…
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have reshaped obesity treatment, yet weight-loss outcomes remain highly uneven in real-world care. Using a federated biomedical platform, we analyzed 135 349 individuals treated with semaglutide an…
OBJECTIVE: To identify and summarize the most impactful medical articles published in 2025 relevant to primary care. SELECTING THE EVIDENCE: The Patients, Experience, Evidence, Research (PEER) team, a Canadian evidence-based medicine research group w…
Incretins have improved the management of obesity and its related complications, but maintaining these health benefits requires ongoing administration, which can be challenging. Orforglipron, a once-daily oral nonpeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-…
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The rising global prevalence of obesity has catalyzed the development of potent glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. This narrative review evaluates the efficacy, safety, and practical considerations of injectable s…
BACKGROUND: Compounded versions of tirzepatide are widely available in the U.S. in the form of fixed‑dose combinations of tirzepatide and various analogs of vitamin B12. These combinations are mass marketed in the U.S. and other countries as comparab…
AIMS: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and the dual incretin agonist tirzepatide have demonstrated cardiometabolic benefits in cardiovascular outcome trials, but their effects on limb outcomes in peripheral artery disease (PAD) re…
Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, has shown significant metabolic benefits and weight reduction, but its anti-inflammatory effects have been less studied. This study was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines, including obse…
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) affects 32 million people worldwide and is responsible for tens of billions of dollars in healthcare expenditure annually, with costs primarily driven by hospitalizations. HFpEF is notoriously di…
AIMS: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are widely used for metabolic disorders, but emerging safety concerns include alopecia and reproductive or endocrine-related adverse events (AEs). This study investigated the association bet…