A melanocortin receptor agonist studied for sexual dysfunction. FDA-approved as bremelanotide.
INTRODUCTION: Anorgasmia is a poorly understood phenomenon defined as either a lifelong or acquired consistent inability to achieve ejaculation. Despite the prevalence of anorgasmia, there is currently no established treatment for the condition. AIMS…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review article discusses the controversy in the DSM-5 conceptualization and diagnostic criteria for female sexual dysfunction (FSD). An overview of recent studies on available treatments for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (…
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a persistent deficiency or absence of sexual fantasies and desire resulting in significant distress or interpersonal difficulty. Women with this disorder may display a lack of motivation for sexual activity…
The discovery of melanocortins in 1916 has resulted in more than 100 years of research focused on these peptides. Extensive studies have elucidated well-established functions of melanocortins mediated by cell surface receptors, including MSHR (melano…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Sexual problems are reported by up to 45% of individuals assigned female at birth. Although sexual function is a complex biopsychosocial construct, there are a number of pharmacologic treatment options aimed at addressing the chang…
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in hypertension has been less studied than male sexual dysfunction, and antihypertensive agents' impact on female sexual function is not defined. In this review, randomized double-blind clinical trials and cross-sectio…
Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) comprises multiple overlapping sexual disorders with a multifaceted cause within the frame of the biopsychosocial model. Health care providers can screen for FSD according to their level of expertise and deliver at lea…
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) is a common female sexual dysfunction and is estimated to affect approximately 10% of women in the United States. It has been suggested that HSDD is associated with an imbalance of hormone and neurotransmitter…
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD), the most prevalent female sexual dysfunction, is characterized as persistent diminished desire for sexual activity accompanied by distress. The efficacy and safety of bremelanotide, a melanocortin receptor ag…
AIMS: The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) plays a central role in appetite regulation, and agonistic activity at this receptor promotes satiety. Results from two randomized controlled clinical trials examine the effects of bremelanotide's agonism at M…
Bremelanotide, a melanocortin receptor agonist, is Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved for the treatment of premenopausal women with acquired, generalized hypoactive sexual desire disorder.Review of bremelanotide's safety profile from the cli…
INTRODUCTION: There are different types of female sexual dysfunctions (FSDs), and FSD in general has a high prevalence worldwide. Studies of FSD should consider it as a multifactorial disorder that has biological, psychological, environmental, and re…
The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two drugs for 'hypoactive sexual desire disorder' in women, flibanserin (Addyi) in 2015 and bremelanotide (Vyleesi) in 2019. In this paper we examine the outcome measures and clinical trial data…
BACKGROUND: For the treatment of female sexual dysfunction, the most relevant outcome measures are patient-reported treatment effects and changes in symptoms, underscoring the need for reliable, validated patient-reported outcome (PRO) instruments. T…
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) has a significant negative impact on women's overall health and relationships with their partners. Primary analyses from the RECONNECT clinical trials demonstrated statistically significant and clinically mean…
Nearly half of women in the United States report problems with sexual function. Many health care providers do not ask about sexual concerns during routine clinical encounters because of personal discomfort, lack of familiarity with treatment, or the…
Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) plays a central role in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Its high sequence similarity to other MC receptor family members, low agonist selectivity and the lack of structural information concerning MC4R-specific act…
Kingsberg et al. described results from two 24-week Phase III trials of bremelanotide for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in women. 72.72% of protocol-listed outcomes were not reported by Kingsberg et al., who provided results of 15…