15038 studies
Using an indirect fluorescent antibody technique, localization of thymosin alpha 1, thymosin beta 3 and thymosin fraction 6 was studied in human thymus glands ranging in age from newborn to 62 yr old. Thymosin alpha 1 was detected specifically in thy…
A sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) has been developed to measure thymosin alpha 1 in human blood and tissue extracts. Thymosin alpha 1, originally isolated from bovine thymosin fraction 5, has an identical primary structure in bovine and…
Studies were carried out to assess the ability of thymosin alpha 1 to prolong the survival of mice challenged with Candida albicans. Two- to four-month-old mice were treated with graded doses of thymosin alpha 1 before, after, or before and after int…
The effect of iv injection in C57BL/6 mice of 3X10(7) bone marrow cells preincubated in either thymosin fraction V or thymosin alpha-1 was evaluated on the growth of a 3-methylcholanthrene-induced transplantable tumor in a syngeneic system. The effec…
The helical C-terminal portion of the thymic hormone thymosin alpha 1 exhibits immunological activities in several in vitro assays. The C-terminal region spanning positions 17-28 was subdivided into 11 overlapping peptide segments to collect further…
Multi-step fractionations by solvent extractions, gel filtrations, ion-exchange chromatography, etc., of bovine thymus extracts were monitored by a standardized assay, in vitro, which led to the described peptides, thymones A, B and C. The assay uses…
Adult male mice were treated with various doses of 6-hydroxydopamine in order to assess the effects of this drug upon thymic dependent immunity. A consistent decrease in primary antibody titers to sheep erythrocytes was observed following treatment w…
As part of our ongoing investigations on the endocrine thymus, we have isolated and purified to homogeneity a hormone-like peptide which we have termed thymosin beta 4. Thymosin beta 4 has Mr = 4982 and an isoelectric point of 5.1. The complete amino…
Two new peptides, designated thymosin beta 8 and thymosin beta 9, respectively, have been isolated and their amino acid sequences established. Thymosin beta 8, isolated from calf thymus fraction 5, has a mass of 4518 daltons and contains 39 amino aci…
Thymosin beta 4, recently isolated from calf thymus, is present in a number of rat and mouse tissues, including spleen, thymus, brain, lung, liver, and heart muscle. High concentrations are found in peritoneal macrophages, suggesting that its occurre…
Thymosin beta 4, previously identified as a component of thymosin fraction 5 isolated from calf thymus, is synthesized by peritoneal macrophages derived from rats or mice, including cells from nu/nu mice. Identification of thymosin beta 4 containing…
Three-month-old female rats were exposed to a single x-ray irradiation (400 rad). Beginning from week 3 after irradiation the animals were treated with 0.2 mg of thymic factor (thymarin) or pineal factor (epithalamine) dissolved in 0.2 ml of normal s…
The ability to induce new formation of capillaries in the cornea was tested for ceruloplasmin, the copper carrier of serum, for fragments of the ceruloplasmin molecule with and without copper, for heparin, and for glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine, bound or…
Optical, electron paramagnetic resonance, and electron spin-echo envelope spectroscopies were used to examine the structure of the Cu(II) complex of glycyl-L-histidyl-L-lysine (GHL) in solution. At neutral pH, GHL forms a mononuclear 1:1 Cu(II) compo…