A mitochondria-targeted antioxidant peptide studied for its ability to reduce oxidative stress, improve mitochondrial function, and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury.
OBJECTIVE: To assess the safety and efficacy of elamipretide, an aromatic-cationic tetrapeptide that readily penetrates cell membranes and transiently localizes to the inner mitochondrial membrane where it associates with cardiolipin, in adults with…
UNLABELLED: No disease-modifying osteoarthritis (OA) drugs are available to prevent posttraumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Mitochondria (MT) mediate the pathogenesis of many degenerative diseases, and recent evidence indicates that MT dysfunction is a…
This article highlights the updates from preclinical and clinical studies into the field of wasting disorders that were presented at the 10th Cachexia Conference held in Rome, Italy, in December 2017. This year's conference saw some interesting resul…
Moment-to-moment adjustment of cerebral blood flow (CBF) via neurovascular coupling has an essential role in maintenance of healthy cognitive function. In advanced age, increased oxidative stress and cerebromicrovascular endothelial dysfunction impai…
Objective This study aimed to examine the mechanism of diaphragmatic dysfunction in sepsis due to severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) with intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) in a rat model. Methods The rats were assigned at random to four groups: (1) con…
AIMS: The mechanisms responsible for cardiac damage in the early stages of metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown. Mitochondria are intimately associated with cellular myofibrils, with the cytoskeleton functioning as a linkage coordinator, and clos…
Mechanical ventilation (MV) results in the rapid development of ventilator-induced diaphragm dysfunction (VIDD). While the mechanisms responsible for VIDD are not fully understood, recent data reveal that prolonged MV activates autophagy in the diaph…
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) leads to cardiac vascular injury, which may reflect in increased retention of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs). Coronary endothelial cell (EC) mitochondria partly regulate vascular function and structure. We hypothesized…
To achieve passive targeting and controlled drug release at tumor sites trigged by low pH value and high level of glutathione (GSH), optimized delivery system for doxorubicin (DOX) based on core cross-linked nanomicelles was developed in this researc…
PURPOSE: To assess intraoperative morphology of clear corneal incisions (CCI) and its impact on incision-site descemet membrane detachment (DMD) in conventional phacoemulsification and femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS). METHODS: Pro…
The hearing loss induced by aminoglycosides is caused by the permanent loss of mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear. The aim of the present study is therefore to evaluate the protective effect of Bendavia, a novel antioxidant, on gentamicin-ind…
Conflicting effects of antioxidant supplementation on cancer prevention or promotion is of great concern to healthy people and cancer patients. Despite recent studies about antioxidants accelerating the progression of lung cancer and melanoma, antiox…
Mitochondria are supposed to be involved in the early pathogenesis of general anesthesia (GA)-induced neurotoxicity and long-term cognitive deficits in developing brains. However, effective pharmacologic agents targeted on mitochondria during GA expo…
The metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with nutrient surplus and kidney hyperfiltration, accelerating chronic renal failure. Mitochondria can be overwhelmed by substrate excess, leading to inefficient energy production and thereby tissue hypoxia…
Oxidative stress aggravates renal fibrosis, a pathway involved in almost all forms of chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the underlying mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of renal oxidative stress has not been completely elucidated. In this s…
The retina of the human eye is extremely vulnerable to oxidative damage. Previous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress is the predominant mechanism associated with the pathogenesis of age‑related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy,…
Although age-associated changes in kidney glomerular architecture have been described in mice and man, the mechanisms are unknown. It is unclear if these changes can be prevented or even reversed by systemic therapies administered at advanced age. Us…
The innate immune system has been implicated in both AKI and CKD. Damaged mitochondria release danger molecules, such as reactive oxygen species, DNA, and cardiolipin, which can cause NLRP3 inflammasome activation and upregulation of IL-18 and IL-1It…
Mitochondria play a key role in cell survival by perfoming functions such as adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) synthesis, regulation of apoptotic cell death, calcium storage. Hypoxic conditions induce mitochondrial dysfunction, which leads to endothelial…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: In highly prevalent cardiac diseases, new therapeutic approaches are needed. Since the first description of oxidative stress in heart failure, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been considered as attractive drug targets. Though cl…