A GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management.
BACKGROUND: Incretin-based therapies are essential in diabetes management, with semaglutide receiving attention due to its oral formulation and benefits in cardiovascular health, renal function and weight loss. However, rodent studies have shown that…
BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) like semaglutide are well-used for type 2 diabetes and obesity, and recent studies show their potential renal benefits in both diabetic and non-diabetic people. However, evidence for s…
The approvals of semaglutide and tirzepatide have set new benchmarks in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity. Building on their success, novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-based therapeutics are rapidly advancing. These next-generation age…
UNLABELLED: Dietary, surgical, and pharmacological methods can effectively reduce body weight; however, rapid weight loss can also be accompanied by a loss of lean mass. Previously, we found that intestinal fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15; mouse o…
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Tirzepatide is widely prescribed and generally considered safe. The objective of this report is to describe a patient with tirzepatide-induced liver injury and increase awareness of this rare complication. CASE REPORT: A 60-year…
BACKGROUND: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are a key pharmacological target in obesity management, associated with sustained weight loss and broader metabolic benefits beyond glycaemic control. OBJECTIVE: To analyse the characteris…
Pediatric obesity is increasing at an alarming rate, affecting over 381 million children worldwide and emerging as a critical public health issue. According to World Health Organization (WHO) 2016, 40% of adults are overweight and 13% are obese, high…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Overweight and obesity are increasingly common in people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This narrative review synthesizes current evidence on the epidemiology and mechanisms linking excess adiposity with T1DM, the obesity-as…
BACKGROUND: The gut microbiome is a critical regulator of host health, but how it mediates the therapeutic effects of drugs targeting neurodegenerative diseases like diabetic cognitive impairment (DCI) is unclear. Here, we investigated whether the ne…
Anti-obesity drugs should be offered as initial treatment of overweight and obesity for adults with weight-related comorbidities and for those at high risk of complications, and as a component of first-line treatment for patients with obesity and ove…
BACKGROUND: The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is rapidly increasing with high risk to develop cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other end-stage liver diseases. However, only two drugs, resm…
BACKGROUND: There is little data on how semaglutide affects basal versus bolus insulin and dosing parameters in adults with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy. METHODS: This is a post-hoc analysis of a double-blinded, randomised, crossover trial…
The prevalence of age-related dry eye disease (DED) is rapidly increasing with global aging, and progressive lacrimal gland (LG) dysfunction represents a central pathogenic mechanism for which targeted therapies remain limited. Semaglutide (Sema), a…
BACKGROUND: Incretin-based therapies such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1Ras), dual GLP-1/GIP agonists and amylin analogues have demonstrated significant weight loss benefits. However, their impact on skeletal muscle mitochondrial…
Obesity is a complex, multifactorial disease. Rates of obesity are rising worldwide. Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for obesity, as it results in the greatest weight loss as well as significant improvement in or resolution of obesi…
BACKGROUND: Effective weight management and glycemic control are both important in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. Despite the proven benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists, there is a persistent need for more effective weight management…
Cardiovascular outcome trials of the incretin-based medicines tirzepatide and semaglutide have shown benefits in populations with varying levels of cardiovascular risk. However, without direct head-to-head comparisons, treatment decisions rely on ind…
BACKGROUND: The global increase in childhood and adolescent obesity has significantly contributed to the rising prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) - a condition now recognized as a key metabolic complicatio…
Obesity is increasingly recognized as a chronic, relapsing, and progressive disease that acts as a major upstream driver of cardiovascular, kidney, and metabolic disorders, with South Asians experiencing heightened vulnerability at lower adiposity th…