The only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, playing key roles in innate immune defense, wound healing, and modulation of inflammatory responses.
Nine Chlamydia suis isolates, obtained from pigs with conjunctivitis, were molecularly characterized by ompA sequencing and their in vitro susceptibility to six cathelicidin peptides (SMAP-29, BAC-7, BMAP-27, BMAP-27, BMAP-28, PG-1, LL-37) determined…
An essential element of the innate immune response to injury is the capacity to recognize microbial invasion and stimulate production of antimicrobial peptides. We investigated how this process is controlled in the epidermis. Keratinocytes surroundin…
The well-described antimicrobial and immunoregulatory properties of human cathelicidin antimicrobial protein 18 (hCAP-18) derive in part from the ability of its proteolytic fragment, LL-37 (a.k.a. CAP-37), to associate with activated immune and epith…
BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic mucus chronic rhinosinusitis (EMCRS) patients are a subgroup of CRS with a poorer prognosis due to frequent recurrences of disease. The cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) is an important innate defense peptide but its…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) protect the epithelia of mucosal organs like the respiratory or the gastrointestinal tract from invading microorganisms. As an integral part of the innate immune system they display antimicrobial activity against gram- a…
BACKGROUND: The authors tested the effects of LL-37 prophylaxis or therapy on the outcome after intraabdominal sepsis and examined whether hyperthermic preconditioning plus LL-37 therapy augments host immune response and improves survival. METHODS: A…
Cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), a component of the innate immune system, play a major role in defense of mucosal surfaces against a wide spectrum of microorganisms such as viral and bacterial co-pathogens of the polymicrobial disease otitis m…
Group B streptococcus (GBS) is a major cause of neonatal pneumonia. The early interactions between innate airway defenses and this pathogen are likely to be a critical factor in determining the outcome for the host. The surface-localized penicillin-b…
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Innate intestinal defenses are important for protection against ingested and commensal microbes. This review highlights recent new insights into innate immune effectors in the intestine. RECENT FINDINGS: Intestinal epithelial cells…
Host defense against intracellular pathogens depends upon innate and adaptive antimicrobial effector pathways. TLR2/1-activation of monocytes leads to the vitamin D-dependent production of cathelicidin and, at the same time, an antimicrobial activity…
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria together with the limited success of sepsis therapeutics has lead to an urgent need for the development of alternative strategies for the treatment of systemic inflammatory response syndrome and related…
BACKGROUND: Recurrent acute tonsillitis is one of the most frequent ENT referrals, yet its pathogenesis remains poorly understood, and tonsillectomy still costs the National Health Service more than pound 60,000000 annually. Antimicrobial cationic pe…
The human, multifunctional peptide LL-37 causes membrane disruption by distinctly different mechanisms strongly dependent on the nature of the membrane lipid composition, varying not only with lipid headgroup charge but also with hydrocarbon chain le…
Neutrophils contain antimicrobial peptides with antituberculous activity, but their contribution to immune resistance to tuberculosis (TB) infection has not been previously investigated to our knowledge. We determined differential white cell counts i…
Recently, we designed a novel cell-selective antimicrobial peptide (TPk) with intracellular mode of action from Pro --> Nlys (Lys peptoid residue) substitution in a noncell-selective cathelicidin-derived Trp/Pro-rich antimicrobial peptide, tritrptici…
The Dlt system modulates the density of negative charge in the cell wall of Gram-positive bacteria by substituting anionic polymers (wall and lipoteichoic acids) with d-alanine. The htrA and htrB genes, regulated by the CssRS two-component system (TC…
The 13-residue cathelicidins indolicidin and tritrpticin are part of a group of relatively short tryptophan-rich antimicrobial peptides that hold potential as future substitutes for antibiotics. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been applie…
BACKGROUND: Patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) exposed to the vaccinia virus (VV) smallpox vaccine have an increased risk of developing eczema vaccinatum. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of local allergic skin inflammation on vaccinia immunit…
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the causative organisms in more than 80% of urinary tract infections. The bacteria are introduced to the urinary tract that, except for the external part of the urethra, is free from microbial colonization, a…
The antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is the only cathelicidin that has been described in humans. LL-37 exerts chemotactic, immunomodulatory and angiogenic effects; activities that are mediated through binding to the formyl peptide receptor like (FPRL)-1 r…