The only human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide, playing key roles in innate immune defense, wound healing, and modulation of inflammatory responses.
Early activation of the innate immune response is important for protection against infection with Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain (LVS) in mice. The human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide LL-37 is known to have immunomodulatory propertie…
In sepsis, the vitamin D active metabolite 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D) may play a crucial role by its action to produce cathelicidin and improve endothelial barrier function, such that a deficiency in 1,25(OH)2D is associated with poor outco…
KR-12 (residues 18-29 of LL-37) was known to be the smallest peptide of human cathelicidin LL-37 possessing antimicrobial activity. In order to optimize α-helical short antimicrobial peptides having both antimicrobial and antiendotoxic activities wit…
PURPOSE: To investigate the expression and/or function of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in dry eye inflammation. METHODS: Experimental dry eye (EDE) was induced in C57BL/6 mice and TLR mRNA and protein expression were d…
Over the past several years, much has been revealed about the roles of autophagy and the mechanisms by which the autophagic pathway activates the host innate effector response against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection. In response to invadin…
The goal of the current study was to identify proteins in goat milk before and at 18 h following intramammary challenge with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Initial evaluation of protein profiles generated using 2-dimensional gel electrophoresis on skim mi…
The alarming rise in antibiotic resistance has led to an increase in patient mortality and health care costs. This problem is compounded by the absence of new antibiotics close to regulatory approval. Acinetobacter baumannii is a human pathogen that…
This study tested the hypothesis that mtDNA fragments carry immunostimulatory motifs that naturally induce immune activation by PDC. Genomic and mtDNA induced similar IFN-α production after transfection into PBMCs using the liposomal transfection rea…
BACKGROUND: In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), neutrophil granulocytes fuel inflammation and damage tissue in the joint by releasing cytotoxic agents, antimicrobial peptides, proteases and other inflammatory mediators. The human cathelicidin LL-37 has rec…
Exposure to elevated temperature is an inherent feature of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) sea-cage culture in some regions (e.g., Newfoundland) and may also become an increasingly prevalent challenge for wild fish populations because of accelerated clim…
Time-lapse fluorescence microscopy of single, growing Bacillus subtilis cells with 2-12s time resolution reveals the mechanisms of antimicrobial peptide (AMP) action on a Gram-positive species with unprecedented detail. For the human cathelicidin LL-…
LL-37/hCAP-18, as the only human cathelicidin, plays an important role in inflammation. Lipoteichoic acid (LTA) is an important bacterial component of Staphylococcus aureus, which is one of the common human pathogens for severe respiratory infection…
BACKGROUND: The use of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) as therapeutic agents for periodontal infections has great advantages, such as broad spectrum of action, low toxicity, and limited bacterial resistance. However, their practical use is limited beca…
Alarin is an alternative-splicing form of GALP (galanin-like peptide). It shares only 5 conserved amino acids at the N-terminal region with GALP which is involved in a diverse range of normal brain functions. This study seeks to investigate whether a…
We recently discovered a regulatory mechanism that stimulates the production of the multifunctional antimicrobial peptide cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP). In response to subtoxic levels of ER stress, increased sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P)…
To protect themselves against the invasion of microorganisms, amphibians, especially the Rana frogs, are possibly equipped with complex combinations of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). The two major AMP families, ranid skin secretion AMPs and cathelici…
Two fragments of the antimicrobial peptide LL-37 (LL-32 and LL-20) have been characterized in adsorption layers at the air/buffer interface by infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) and X-ray reflectivity (XR) measurements. As shown in p…
BACKGROUND: 1α,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) up-regulates the production of human cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide (CAMP) from monocytes/macrophages infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tbc). CAMP facilitates the co-localization of a…
Antimicrobial peptides of the cathelicidin family play a central role in the host defense system. Our group has reported previously that cathelicidin-related or cathelicidin-modified antimicrobial peptides, such as FF/CAP-18, have antiproliferative e…
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) play pivotal roles in the innate defense of vertebrates. A novel AMP (cathelicidin-PY) has been identified from the skin secretions of the frog Paa yunnanensis . Cathelicidin-PY has an amino acid sequence of RKCNFLCKLKEK…