A review tracing the evolution from GLP-1 mono-agonists to triple receptor agonists supplemented with glucagon receptor activity (retatrutide). Reviews glucagon's physiological roles beyond glucose homeostasis—including energy expenditure, lipolysis, and amino acid metabolism—and how its activation complements GLP-1 and GIP agonism.
Winkler, Gábor; Kis, János Tibor; Arapovicsné Kiss, Krisztina; Schandl, László