Mitochondrial-Derived Peptides in Diabetes and Its Complications.

Frontiers in endocrinology2021PMID: 35185787

View on PubMed DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.808120

Plain Language Summary

Review covering the effects of mitochondrial-derived peptides—humanin, MOTS-c, and SHLPs 1–6—on diabetes and its major complications including stroke and myocardial infarction, examining their mechanisms of improving insulin resistance, inhibiting inflammation, and preventing apoptosis in the context of diabetic end-organ damage. Provides a diabetes complications-focused MDP reference. Establishes MDPs as protective against the major life-threatening complications of diabetes—positioning MOTS-c as a potentially unified therapeutic approach for T2DM that simultaneously targets the metabolic dysfunction and end-organ protection challenges that current diabetes drugs address separately.

Abstract

The changes of mitochondrial function are closely related to diabetes and its complications. Here we describe the effects of mitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs), short peptides formed by transcription and translation of the open reading frame site in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), on diabetes and its complications. We mainly focus on MDPs that have been discovered so far, such as Humanin (HN), mitochondrial open reading frame of the 12S rRNA-c (MOTS-c) and Small humanin-like peptides (SHLP 1-6), and elucidated the role of MDPs in diabetes and its major complications stroke and myocardial infarction by improving insulin resistance, inhibiting inflammatory response and anti-apoptosis. It provides more possibilities for the clinical application of mitochondrial derived peptides.

Authors

Wu, Ying; Sun, Liankun; Zhuang, Zhoudao; Hu, Xiaoqing; Dong, Delu

Keywords

MOTS-cSHLPs(1-6)diabeteshumaninmitochondrial-derived peptides (MDPs)myocardial infarctionstroke